First, the overall structure
An agricultural tractor is a mechanically powered vehicle, which is usually composed of an engine, transmission system, running gear, braking system, electrical system, and other parts. Among them, the engine is the main power source to drive the movement of agricultural tractors, and the transmission system is to transmit the power output of the engine to the traveling mechanism through the transmission, transmission shaft and other mechanisms to realize the driving of agricultural tractors. The traveling mechanism is composed of front and rear axles, tires, wheel axles, etc., which are used to support agricultural tractors and realize driving. The braking system is used to control the speed and parking of the agricultural tractor, while the electrical system provides power to the agricultural tractor and manages the various electrical equipment on the agricultural tractor.
Second, the engine
Agricultural tractor engines are usually diesel engines, and their structure includes parts such as cylinder block, pistons, valves, crankshafts, etc. The principle of the engine is to inject fuel into the combustion chamber through the injector, mix it with compressed air, ignite and burn, produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, promote the piston movement, and drive the crankshaft to rotate and output power.
Third, the transmission system
The transmission system includes parts such as clutch, transmission, transmission shaft and rear axle. The clutch is the connection between the engine and the transmission, allowing the engine to operate independently without affecting the drivetrain. The transmission is used to control the speed and power output of agricultural tractors, and it usually uses manual or automatic gear shifting, and the speed is adjusted as needed. The propeller shaft is the part that outputs power from the transmission to the rear or front axle. The rear axle is one of the important components of the running gear, which usually consists of parts such as the final drive, differential, half shaft and tires.
Fourth, the walking mechanism
The traveling mechanism of agricultural tractor is composed of front and rear axles, tires, axles and other parts. Front-wheel drive farm tractors usually have only a front axle and front wheels, while rear-wheel drive farm tractors have front and rear axles and front and rear wheels, and all-wheel drive farm tractors have four wheels. Tires are one of the important components of the running mechanism, and their pattern design, tire pressure adjustment and maintenance management play an important role in the driving safety and maintenance costs of agricultural tractors.
5. Braking system
There are two types of braking systems: handbrake and footbrake. The handbrake is used to lock the rear wheels when parked to prevent the farm tractor from coasting; The foot brake is used to control the speed and parking of agricultural tractors while driving. The safety and sensitivity of the braking system are of great significance for the driving safety and adaptability of agricultural tractors.
6. Electrical system
The electrical system provides electricity to the farm tractor and manages the various electrical equipment on the farm tractor. The important components of the electrical system include generators, batteries, electrical equipment, and electrical systems, among others.